In quite a lot of the game called three-cushion billiards, the cue ball must additionally contact a cushion or cushions three or extra times to complete a carom. Chalk in small cubes is utilized uniformly to the cue tip permitting the players to strike the cue ball off centre on purpose with a view to impart a spinning motion, known as "side" in Great Britain and "English" within the United States. The sport is performed with 22 balls, made up of 1 white ball (the cue ball), 15 red balls, and six numbered colored balls including one yellow 2, one green 3, one brown 4, one blue 5, one pink 6, and one black (valued at 7 factors). In play, the thing is to stroke the cue ball so that it hits the two object balls in succession, scoring a carom, or billiard, which counts one level. The small finish of the cue, with which the ball is struck, is fitted with a plastic, fibre, or ivory reinforcement to which is cemented a leather-based cue tip. During play, when a participant can not hit the ball that the foundations require him to hit (due to obstruction by one other ball or balls), he is alleged to be snookered and loses his turn; this situation gives the sport its title.

The sport of pocket billiards, or pool, which uses six giant pocket openings, is primarily the game performed on the American continents and, in recent years, has been performed in Japan. The opposite principal games are performed on tables which have six pockets, one at every corner and one in every of the lengthy sides; these games embody English billiards, played with three balls; snooker, performed with 21 balls and a cue ball; and pocket billiards, or pool, performed with 15 balls and a cue ball. All billiards games require the fundamental equipment of a table, cue sticks, and balls. Many nations-among them France, England, China, Italy, and Spain-have been credited with the invention of the sport, but, in truth, nothing is really known in regards to the origin of billiards. The sport of English billiards is most popular in Britain and the previous empire nations. The sport is played with three balls, two white and one red, with one of many white balls having a small pink dot, or spot, to tell apart it. Carom, or French, billiards is performed with three balls on a desk that has no pockets. The normal mahogany billiards desk remains to be in use, however tables are now typically product of different woods and synthetic materials.

There are 3 ways of scoring: (1) the dropping hazard, or loser, is a stroke by which the striker’s cue ball is pocketed after contact with another ball; (2) the successful hazard, or pot, is a stroke in which a ball apart from the striker’s cue ball is pocketed after contact with another ball; (3) the cannon, or carom, is a scoring sequence in which the striker’s cue ball contacts the 2 other balls successively or simultaneously. The cue is a tapered rod of polished wooden or artificial materials, ranging in length from about 40 to 60 inches (100 to one hundred fifty cm). One of the white balls (plain or spot) serves as the cue ball for every player, the crimson ball and other white ball serving as his object balls. The skill involved consists of growing one scoring stroke after another. The participant should first pocket a red ball after which try to pocket any colour he might select, scoring the value of the ball that he has pocketed. When the last ball is pocketed, the game is ended.

The earliest references to the game in Europe occur in the 15th century. The sport of English billiards is played on a relatively massive desk, often 6 ft 1.5 inches by 12 feet (1.9 by 3.7 m); it is played with three balls as in carom-a plain white, a white with a spot, and a crimson. There are numerous varieties of every recreation-particularly of carom and pocket billiards. The billiard balls, previously product of ivory or Belgian clay, are actually normally plastic; they each measure from about 21/4 to 23/eight inches (5.7 to 6 cm) in diameter, the bigger balls being utilized in carom billiards. Carom billiards is performed on a desk often 5 by 10 feet (1.5 by three m) or 4.5 by 9 toes (1.Four by 2.7 m). Scoring a carom also entitles the player to a different shot, and his turn, or inning, continues till he misses, when it becomes his opponent’s flip. The game of carom billiards continues to be performed primarily in France and other European countries and to a lesser degree in the United States and has many gamers in Japan, Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and South Korea and in Central America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East.

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